Students with Learning Disabilities and the Peculiarities of Their Study in Higher Education Free Essay Example, 3750 words

Barriers that Could Hinder Students with Learning Disabilities in Higher Education After exploring the difference between the learning capabilities of higher education students with and without learning difficulties, May and Stone (2010) revealed that students with learning difficulties often times have the lower level of intelligence because of their inability to process the information they have received from the educators. Upon conducting a phenomenological research study to examine the factors that could create barriers to the learning abilities of the students in higher education, Denhart (2008) revealed that barriers to the learning abilities of the higher students with learning disabilities are often caused by external social factors which often times not understood by the teachers and faculty members. Higher education is different from elementary and secondary education in the sense that special accommodation is usually not available in higher education. In line with this, Bruce, Parker, Renfrew (2006) conducted a research study which aims to investigate the personal views and learning experiences of two women with aphasia who are enrolled in higher education after having a stroke. Based on the research findings of Bruce, Parker, Renfrew (2006), the two interviewees revealed that they are having difficulties in learning simply because they do not have any access to learning support. We will write a custom essay sample on Students with Learning Disabilities and the Peculiarities of Their Study in Higher Education or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Crime in Prison Essay - 1947 Words

Crimes in prison have been a part of our prisons since prisons themselves have been developed. It is almost certain that the criminals who end up in an institution in the first place will commit crimes while incarcerated. Prisons have come a long way over the years and with trial and error they have discovered many effective ways to help drop crime rates. Mail is monitored and read on occasion and is a privilege for inmates that can be taken away. Though many of the new policies and procedures have been effective, it is the well- trained staff that keeps crimes down. Crimes in our prisons have been declining, having the proper staffing in these institution’s plays a crucial part in keeping crimes down. By providing the officers†¦show more content†¦When issues like these occur the receiving inmate will be placed on a list known as the â€Å"hot list.† When an offenders name is on the hot list, their incoming and outgoing mail is completely monitored. Depending on the extent of the issue that inmate can be stripped search immediately and sent to either the medical or segregation unit. If they are taken to medical department there may be a suspicion that they are trying to or have successfully brought drugs into the facility and are now under strict supervision until the drugs are revealed. Visitor’s that try to bring these drugs into a facility are normally arrested immediately and booked in for their crime. (Gangscrossamerica.com, 1995) Gang initiated attacks are also common out on the prison yards and other common areas. Each gang has leaders who determine the crime that is going to be committed. Lower members of the gangs are then expected to carry out these orders or pay substantial consequences. In San Francisco, gang members of one of the largest prisons systems are pleading guilty to different crimes across northern California. These gang members have pleaded guilty to drug dealing, extortion and murder and already serving life sentences for prior crimes. (Michael Montgomery,Show MoreRelatedShould Prison Be Punished For A Crime?2383 Words   |  10 PagesIndividuals are sent to prison be punished for a crime committed and to be kept away from society. While some criminals are violent sociopaths, and may never be rehabilitated, many criminals can be corrected and taught to improve themselves. A variety of programs are designed to help inmates learn from their mistakes and prepare for release. These programs require funding, and with an imperfect penal system, there are certain elements of prison which may exacerbate criminal behavior. IdeallyRead MoreCan Prison Deter Crime?3702 Words   |  15 Pagesâ€Å"Danbury wasnt a prison, it was a crime school. I went in with a Bachelor of marijuana, came out with a Doctorate of cocaine† - George Jung The above quote was given by notorious international drug lord, and one of the most successful career criminal of modern times, George Jung, when discussing the flaws of the modern penal system. While subsequent to this original incarceration, George did also frequently state that he would never allow himself to be detained in prison again, it is obvious thatRead MoreEssay on Crime Rates in Prison 2306 Words   |  10 Pagesmales and female prisons. It is important to study this theme because it does not only lead to the conclusion of where violence prevalent in male or female prisons, but it focuses on other issues as well. This paper deals with the social, psychological and sexual issues of the prisoners. Furthermore, most people believe that males biologically are more prone to violence, therefore violence is prevalent in male prisons and should have higher rates of violence than female prisons; however, there isRead MorePrison Was A Serious Punishment For Crime1598 Words   |   7 PagesPrisons were virtually non-existent before the 1700’s because prison was not considered a serious punishment for crime. Instead, the government imprisoned those who were awaiting trial where they would receive a more appropriate punishment. Many punishments at the time included branding, extreme fines, whipping, and the death penalty or capital punishment. Most offenders when caught, received their punishment in public. This was done to try and discourage criminal activity and falls under the theoryRead MoreCrime Statistics : Police Crime Records And Court And Prison Figures916 Words   |  4 PagesCRIME STATISTICS IN THE UK OFFICIAL CRIME STATISTICS Official crime statistics are obtained from ‘the records kept by the police and other official agencies’ (Moore, Aiken, Chapman 2006, p. 267). These records are gathered and published by the Home Office. According to Moore and Sinclair (1995) for an action to be officially categorised as a crime it should be considered as deviant and reported to the police. Then, the police should respond in the way which will start the legal process. There areRead MorePrison Terms Ineffective as Deterrent to Crime Essay1122 Words   |  5 Pagesof two tools: Law and Order. On the road to maintain Law and Order, penalty like Prison Term has been espoused. Prison Term could be defined as the length of incarceration for an offender, where the legnth varies from few days to months in a prison. It also embraces life terms in case of serious crimes like manslaughter, rape, murder, armed robbery, and kidnapping. However in the past two decades, increase in a crime rate and prisoners in incarceration indicate the failure of criminal justice. HenceRead More No Prison Time for Juvenile Crime and Violence Essay882 Words   |  4 Pages No Prison Time for Juvenile Crime nbsp; Students are shooting up schools across the country. Kids as young as twelve and thirteen are being convicted of murdering their peers. Right here in Hanover, two teens have been charged with the murders of Dartmouth professors. Although juvenile crime across the country may not be on the rise, high publicity, headline-grabbing juvenile-perpetrated homicides certainly are. nbsp; Prosecutors, attempting to satiate public demand for justice, haveRead MoreWhy Are Prisons Still Successful For Helping Prevent Crime?1180 Words   |  5 Pages In the UK, the prison population has more than doubled in less than 20 years. The cost to keep someone in prison for a year is  £36,808. The UK spends a higher percentage of the countries GDP on public order per year than any other EU country and even the US. Why are our prisons still highly unsuccessful in helping prevent crime? Prisons have barbaric beginnings from the medieval dungeon and torture chamber in the late 18th century. They have always combined punishment with rehabilitation. The onlyRead More Prison Reform in Russia and Crime and Punishment, by Fyodor Dostoevsky1094 Words   |  5 Pages The novel Crime and Punishment occurs in the summer of 1865; a time when radical legal and social changes swept through Russia. The reforms of 1860’s and 1870’s were known as the Great Reforms because they affected every aspect of Russian life. With â€Å"an 1861 decree emancipating the serfs and [a] monumental reform of the court system in 1864,† the Russian society was still transitioning from an Estate-of-the-realm style toward a more just system focused on equality (Burnham 1227). TheRead MoreIncarceration in An Adult Prison Increases Juvenile Crime Essay1751 Words   |  8 Pagesbe tried in the adult court system or sentenced to adult penitentiarys on account of: teen b rains are not mature which causes a lack of understanding towards the system, incarceration in an adult facility increases juvenile crime, and children that are sentenced to adult prison are vulnerable to abuse and rape. American Psychological Association experts state that on average when compared to adults, 16 and 17 year-old juveniles are more: emotionally volatile, aggressive, impulsive, reactive to stress

The Emergency Room free essay sample

The emergency department team consists of many trained professionals each with a specific job in treating the patient. Emergency room personnel usually consists of administrative registration clerks, a triage nurse, primary nurses, a charge nurse, the attending physician or emergency nurse practitiner, and nursing assistants. Also, in certain hospitals the trauma team (surgeons, anesthesiologists, and specialized physicians) may be on standby to aid in an emergency situation in which the patient requires more complex care. The emergency nurse differs from the med-surg nurse in that he or she has had specialized education, training, experience, and expertise in assessing and identifying patents health care problems in crisis situations. In addition, the emergency nurse establishes priorities, monitors and continuously assesses acutely ill and injured patients, supports and attends to families, supervises allied health personnel, and teaches patients and families within a time limited , high pressured care environment. Nursing interventions are accomplished independently, in consultation with or under the direction of the physician or nurse practitioner. We will write a custom essay sample on The Emergency Room or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Emergency nursing is demanding because of the diversity of conditions and situations that present unique challenges. These challenges include legal issues, occupational health and safety risks for ED staff, and the challenge of providing holistic care in the context of a fast paced, technology driven environment in which serious illness and death are encountered on a daily basis. In the daily routine of the emergency department, triage is ued to sort patients into groups based on the severity of their health problems and the immediacy with which these problems must be treated. Emergent patients have the highest priority-their conditions are life threatening and they must be seen immediately. Urgent patients have serious health problems but not immediately life threatening ones; they must be seen within 1 hour. Nonurgent patients have episodic illnesses that can be addressed within 24 hours without increased morbidity. The triage nurse must have advanced skill and experience. They must spend hours learning how to classify different illnesses and injuries to ensure that patients most in need of care do not  needlessly wait. Collaborative protocols are developed and used by the triage nurse based on their level of experience. Nurses in the triage area collect crucial baseline data: full vital signs, pain assessment, history of the current and past medical history, neurologic assessment, weight, allergies, current medications, necessary diagnostic data, and ask specific questions that influence the care received in the ER.

Methods of Controlling Emissions in IC Engines

Question: Discuss about the Methods of Controlling Emissions in IC Engines. Answer: Introduction The milestones achieved in global economy in regards to clean energy despite the eminent climatic change has sparked a number of research activities in the industrial world with the view of investing more on the alternative sources of energy. Owing to the fact that automobiles are presently a chief source of air pollution, major automotive firms and state governments are working together to offer a solution that will lead to the decline of vehicle emissions and a corresponding decrease in the utilization of fossil fuel. Various manufacturers have in the recent past embarked on research on the different methods of reducing the overreliance on fossil fuel and the need to come up with sources of alternative power. Such milestones in the research include the electrically propelled vehicle engines and the internal combustion (IC) engine vehicles. Some of the commonly used fuels in the present times for the IC engine vehicle are natural gas, methanol, diesel, gasoline, and supercharging an d turbo charging gasoline. One of the reasons for the widespread utilization of IC engine is that the high-energy content can be easily transported. However, its major drawback is that the combustion of fuels results to hazardous emissions to the environment. The aim of this paper is to establish the ways of controlling such emissions in an IC engine. The main pollutants generated by the IC engines are carbon monoxide, NOX, noncombustible hydrocarbons, and other emissions in particulate form. All fuel-combusting systems emit carbon dioxide in enormous volumes that result to green house effect. Methods of Controlling Emissions in IC Engines Diesel Particulate Filters Since 2000, Diesel Particulate Filters have been used in manufacturing of vehicles. Since the development of the Euro 5 norm, the technology has been used as a standard device on all new diesel cars among the European nations (Favre, May Bosteels, 2011). Some buses and trucks that bear the euro 5 norm emissions standards were installed the diesel particulate filters to meet the requirements of the number of emissions of mass and particle. The figure below shows a wall-flow DPF. Figure 1wall-flow DPF Catalyst Control Technologies The principle by which this method operates in controlling the gaseous emissions from an IC engine is based on chemical catalysis process. The catalyst results to chemical reactions without being consumed or changed. The catalytic control system constitutes a steel housing with a size that depends on the engine size where it is contained. The steel housing bears a ceramic or metallic structure that acts as a catalyst substrate or support. The figure below shows ceramic substrates. Figure 2 ceramic substrates The engine steel housing does not have any moving parts. It only has its substrate interior surfaces coated with base metals. In some other cases, the interior surface is coated with precious catalytic metallic elements like vanadium, palladium, and platinum and this relies on the pollutants targeted. Catalysts convert pollutants into non-toxic gases by generating chemical reactions within the exhaust stream. Such reactions vary based on the technology being employed (Sharaf, 2013). In addition, the technology adopted depends on whether the engine is working under stoichiometric, lean, or rich conditions. At any rate, the catalysts in emission control are aimed at eliminating nitrogen oxide gas, carbon dioxide, and others pollutant matter to differing degrees. The choice of the method of an emission control for gaseous emissions relies on the operating mode of the engine such as load and speed, the engine type, and the targeted pollutants. In some cases that involve rich burn engines, the oxides of nitrogen may be the only emission that is controlled. In such a case, there may be minimum reduction in carbon monoxide. On the contrary, in the scenario of lean burn and stoichiometric engines, considerable reductions in all the three major pollutants can be attained. Various emission control methods have to be used in stationary IC engines based on the air to fuel ratio of the engine. The reason is that the composition of the exhaust gas varies based on the operating condition of the engine such as stoichiometric burn, lean or rich. The operating mode of the engine such as its load and speed should be considered since this affects the temperature of the exhaust gas. Non-selective catalytic reduction This method is capable of achieving considerable reductions of oxides of nitrogen for rich burn engines. In a case where the engine operates as stoichiometric point (=1) the technology is termed three-way catalyst (Sharaf, 2013). In such a case, other emissions are reduced apart from the oxides of nitrogen such as carbon monoxide. On the other hand, lean oxides of nitrogen and oxidation catalysts offer a minimal or no emission control in a rich-burn condition. Notwithstanding, in a lean-burn condition, oxidation catalysts offer a substantial reduction in both the oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide. Selective Catalytic Reduction For more than fifteen years, the method has been employed in controlling NOx emissions generated by the rich-burn engines. When used, the IC engines have shown the capacity to realize over 98 % reduction in emissions (Sharaf, 2013). More than three thousand rich-burn IC engines have been fitted with this technology as a technique of controlling the nitrogen oxide emissions from lean-burn stationary Internal Combustion engines. The method was first adopted in the United States and since that time, it has continued to gain popularity. Lean-burn engines are known to generate exhaust rich in oxygen and this makes the reduction of nitrogen dioxide typically impracticable when non-selective catalyst technology is employed. On the other hand, the introduction of a reducing agent like urea or ammonia and other agents aid in the chemical reaction. The reaction is as shown below. The reactions that take place when the reducing agents are used leads to the reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions by more than 90% (Heck Farrauto, 2001). Such a method is known as selective catalytic reduction since the catalyst only aims at reducing the oxides of nitrogen. The diagram below shows a selective catalytic reduction. Figure 3 selective catalytic reduction Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) According to Kumar and Rehman (2011), the HCCI technology can reduce the particulate matter and NOx emissions by the spark ignition and compression combustion engines that use fossil fuels. This is possible by the application of two significant processes. The first process involves the auto ignition of the NOx and Particulate matter mixture as a result of the compression heat. The second process involves the formation of a homogenous mixture of NOx and particulate matter found in the diesel fuels. According to Jin and Zheng (2015), the homogenous mixture is achieved by port injection. The only challenges however, are the viscous nature of the diesel fuel, high octane number, and a broad range of the boiling points. This has an impact of prolonged mixing time of the diesel fuel to form a homogenous mixture whereas; the time taken for chemical ignition is short. In addition, there is the challenge of fuel wetting owing to the nature of the diesel fuel. Future Prospects According to Alagumalai (2014), one of the future prospects in emission control in IC engines is technology forcing. The author argues that in this approach, the regulatory agency establishes certain requirements to ensure a limit on the amount of emissions allowed over a particular period using indeterminate technology. In most cases, such technologies have not been fully exploited or fully utilized or used widely on commercial basis despite pilot demonstrations and experimentation. Such efforts are aimed at cutting down the automobile emissions responsible for greenhouse effect such as carbon dioxide that for the last 40 years have doubled, with the highest global contributors being the United States and China (Alagumalai, 2014). The second emerging trend in the reduction of emissions by the automobile industry is the use of bio-fuels to replace the fossil fuels such as petrol and diesel. According to (Alagumalai, 2014), the research conducted by the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology on the bio-fuels have demonstrated potential cost and environmental benefits of such a fuel in the IC engines. The author mentions that the research revealed the ability of the bio-fuels to minimize the greenhouse emissions by the IC engines by 50% as opposed to fossil fuels. Payri et al. (2014) corroborates that bio-fuels can significantly reduce the impact of GHG on the IC engines owing to its cost-effectiveness similar to that of electrical engines but with much reduced increment in the lifetime cost. The author also mentions that countries like Brazil have already implemented the laws that increase the bio-fuel share. The third emerging trend in the reduction of emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide by the automobile engines is the adoption of Hybrid Electrical Vehicles (HEV) and Electrical Vehicles (EV). According to Payri et al. (2014), the two technologies can achieve this aim using electricity production mix. In the present times, European countries, Japan, and the United States are the leading in the adoption of the EV and HEV technologies. The report released by the European Automobile Manufacturers Association shows that between 2020 and 2025, the market share for the EV and HEV engines will rise between 3 to 10%. Conclusion There have been great achievements the in global economy in relation to clean energy in spite of the inevitable climatic change. These have significantly resulted to a number of research attempts in the automobile space across the globe with the aim of investing more on the subsidiary sources of energy. Because the automobile engines are presently the major air pollutants, majority of the automotive firms and state governments across the globe are collaborating to offer a solution that will result to the control of automobile emissions of carbon dioxide and other exhaust gases and analogous decrease in the consumption of fossil fuels such as gasoline and petrol. The quantity of carbon dioxide passed off from the automobile sector accounts for an average of 20 percent of the entire amount of carbon dioxide released to the atmosphere globally. As a result, because of the need to control or manage global warming, there is a corresponding need to control this percentage to a manageable a mount in the atmosphere. There is commonly a great amount of carbon dioxide released by the automobile sector and this continually leads to stringent standards of fuel economy globally. This sequentially necessitates improvement of fuel economy by the automobile engines. Some of the technologies commonly used to cut down emissions by the IC engines include Diesel Particulate Filters, homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI), and Catalyst Control Technologies. However, each of the methods have their drawbacks and this means there is need for future developments and innovations to come up with the potential ways of reducing emissions in IC engines. In terms of the future prospects of IC engines, there are emerging trends such as technology forcing, replacement of fossil fuels with bio-fuels, and adoption of EV and HEV engines to reduce the greenhouse emissions by the IC engines. Reference List Alagumalai, A 2014, Internal combustion engines: Progress and prospects, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 38, pp. 561-571. Favre, C., May, J. and Bosteels, D 2011, Emissions Control Technologies to Meet Current and Future European Vehicle Emissions Legislation, Association for Emissions Control by Catalyst (AECC) AISBL, Brussels,20, p. l-12. Heck, R.M. Farrauto, R.J 2001, Automobile exhaust catalysts,Applied Catalysis A: General,221(1), pp. 443-457. Jin, C. and Zheng, Z 2015, A Review on Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition and Low Temperature Combustion by Optical Diagnostics, Journal of Chemistry, 2015, pp. 1-23. Kumar, P. Rehman, A 2011, Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engine Technology-A Review, International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, 11(6), pp. 47-67. Payri, F., Lujn, J., Guardiola, C. and Pla, B 2014, A Challenging Future for the IC Engine: New Technologies and the Control Role, Oil Gas Science and Technology Revue dIFP Energies nouvelles, 70(1), pp. 15-30. Sharaf, J 2013, Exhaust emissions and its control technology for an internal combustion engines,International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications,3(5).

Rousseau Social Contract The social pact comes dow Essays

Rousseau Social Contract The social pact comes down to this; " Each one of us puts into the community his person and all his powers under the supreme direction of the general will; and as a body, we incorporate every member as an indivisible part of the whole " (Rousseau). The general will can itself direct the forces of the state with the intention of the whole ' s primary goal - which is the common good. The general will does not allow private opinions to prevail. The union of the people, in its passive role is known as the State and is referred to as the Sovereign in its active state. Associates of the body politic are communally known as the people, and individually referred to as citizens or subjects. The primary problem to which the social contract holds the solution is based on the total alienation of each associate to the entire community. Rousseau proposes that every individual give himself absolutely and apply the same conditions for each and every one to result in an agreement where it is in no ones interest to make the conditions burdensome for others. The critiques of this contract are so specifically determined by ones actions, that the slightest amendment must make the agreement invalid; it is crucial to obtain a unanimous recognition and admittance by the whole. If the social pact is desecrated, every man regains his inborn rights to recover his natural freedom, and loses the civil freedom in which he bargained for. Stop. The existence of natural freedom is the argument in which I intend to pursue against Rousseau. This thought shall be revisited in a short while. Rousseau implies upon freedom the definition of the sovereign; it is a reason; a collaboration with others; a civil expression of the general will. Rousseau ' s conclusion stipulates the absolute surrender of ones rights into a union; also referred to as the republic, the body politic, the state, the sovereign and as the power when compared to others o f its own kind. His conclusion is however split into three subsets. Rousseau first states that since everyone in the social pact is summoned to the same conditions, it will be of no ones interest to inconvenience others. Secondly, he states that since the alienation is unconditional, no individual citizen has any rights to claim of their own. If these rights were left to the individuals, they would revert to their natural state of own judgements in the absence of authority. And finally, Rousseau adds to his conclusion by affirming that " since each man gives himself to all, he gives himself to no one " (Rousseau); meaning that since there is no associate that he doesn ' t gain the same rights as others gain over him, each man regains the equivalent of everything he loses; gaining more than what he initially had. The first premise that Rousseau puts forward is that during a lifetime, each man will come to an obstacle that will endanger his safety and that he w ill not be able to conquer within his state of nature because it will have a power greater than his strength. What he implies with this premise is that if solitary men were continually facing the obstacles alone, the human race would eventually perish. Rousseau presents this premise as an assumption. It can be safely assumed that most people come across obstacles during their lifetime. These obstacles are hidden within births, deaths, illnesses, monetary based issues, education, relationships, weather, governments, war, etc. The meaning of an obstacle is anything that will hinder ones performance; an impediment that has the power to abolish the human race. The second premise provides that since men cannot create new forces to overcome these obstacles, they can combine and organize their existing forces to protect themselves. Meaning that by uniting their separate powers, they can achieve a congruent force strong enough to prevail over any form of obstruction. This second p remise follows Rousseau ' s first premise adequately. First, he presents the inevitable obstacle and then he follows to state that a sum of forces is required to overcome barriers that are too strong. Succeeding the premises,

Harrod-Domar Model Essays - Economics, Economic Growth, Free Essays

Harrod-Domar Model Essays - Economics, Economic Growth, Free Essays Harrod-Domar Model #1 A) The Harrod-Domar Model is the simplest and best-known production function used in the analysis of economic development. This model explains the relationship between the growth and unemployment in advanced capitalist societies. However, the Harrod-Domar Model is used in developing nations as an easy way of looking at the relationships between growth and capital requirements. This model does explain the differences in growth performances between countries. The model allows you to predict an estimate of growth for a nation. Which can be compared to predictions of growth for a different country. B) The sources of growth is a different form of the production function. This new function gives the analyst the ability to separate out the different causes of growth. The factors of this equation concern the growth rate of any variable, share of income in any input, national product, capital stock, labor, arable land

Proctor and Gamble Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Proctor and Gamble - Term Paper Example Being in the Fortune 500 list shows that the organization has strong worth and quality while they conduct their business in producing goods and services for the consumers (PG.com Home: Sustainability, company, brands, 2011). The operations of Procter and Gamble are present in above 80 countries worldwide. The brand range of this organization is numbering up to 300. That is 300 brands in the market of around 160 countries at a global level. The brand range of Procter and Gamble consist of beauty care products, the Gillette products and the various types of household care products (PG.com Home: Sustainability, company, brands, 2011). Procter and Gamble have the confidence that 3 billion times a day, the products of P&G touch the lives of the people. The headquarters for this organization is in Cincinnati, Ohio. The number of employees working for this organization is around 138,000 employees. To provide products and services to consumers that are branded and possess a high quality level and also give valuable products to consumers so that consumers have a healthy life style and also focus on healthy living for the generations that come ahead. This vision for Procter and Gamble will result in successful sales of the products due to the consumers; this makes the organisation more profitable and valuable, allowing the communities and shareholders to have a successful living and working life as well. Principles of the organization help in framing a strong mission and vision of the organization. The principles of the organization should be embed within the employees so that they perform their work accordingly and produce the best results. The Principles of Procter and Gamble are: To equally value the interests of the organization and the interests of the individual. If the individual’s interests and the organization’s interest are in

International Search for Distribution Partner Essay

International Search for Distribution Partner - Essay Example As of November 2005 they have 766 stores in the U.S. and 166 in Canada (43 of those Best Buy). On September 22, 2003 they opened their first Global Sourcing Office in Shanghai, China in order to increase their efficiency and improve communication with suppliers. The company, in developing the Asian Market, appointed their Vice-chairman Al Lenzmeier to head up the project. Since 2003 they expanded to include two additional distribution centers in Beijing and Shenzhen. The company recognizes the market potential in China and this spring will open lab stores to rapidly test the Chinese retail market. Store locations will be selected based on area market and competition. They have not yet determined the number of stores to be opened as they employ a "greenfielding strategy, grow by opening stores" ("Our history" 2006). This could be an excellent opportunity for us. The CarreFour Group, established in 1959, is the largest retailer in Europe, the second largest worldwide and the industry leader in nine countries. Their four main store configurations are: 'hypermart', supermarkets, hard discount and convenience stores. They operate a total of 10,378 stores in 29 countries. Their retail sales last year were 88,178 billion euros before tax.

Forensic science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Forensic science - Essay Example 165) This is essential because it ensures the integrity of forensic science before proceeding to the court. Even though, the clinical laboratories have been working based on the national regulatory scheme since 1968, forensic science does not a similar scheme (Neufeld 2005 p. 107). Consequently, this has reduced the level of protection for the evidence and measures to investigate, and address the discovered abuses (Moore 2007, p. 127). Quality assurance is an important concept that should be considered during crime investigation because most criminal trials depend on expert testimony. Consequently, mistakes in the expert testimony pose several challenges. The use forensic science when investigating different criminal incidences is not reliable because it offers invalid results. Additionally, the process is biased because it lacks enough internal control for the evidence (Birkhead & Hosken 2009, p. 575) Semen quality assurance refers to the test conducted in the crime laboratories usi ng the victims’ semen to determine whether the victims were involved in crime or not. Currently, there are different methods used in the measurement of semen quality assurance. The most applicable methods include serology and DNA typing (Higgins 2009, p. 45). These methods can be applied in a criminal case to determine whether the suspect is responsible. ... Furthermore, the girl’s bed sheets with scattered hair were also collected. After the victim described the perpetrator, the police came up with a sketch that resembled the suspect. The victim identified the suspect as the rapist once they got to his hideout (Neufeld 2005, p. 107). Serology can determine the victim’s semen through the quality assurance approach. This can support the prosecutor when securing a conviction. The lab serologist will take the girl’s body fluid found in the semen and test whether they match with the accused blood type. Scientific standards discourage serologists from drawing inferences about the semen’s source when they are not sure though this method is commonly used when investigating crimes (Ishmael 2005, p. 13). Based on the case, crime laboratories can use DNA typing method to match whether the semen recovered from the girl’s underpants match the DNA profile of the suspect. This criminal investigation process is not re liable because DNA experts states that only 20% of the total violent crimes benefit from the evidence resulting from DNA testing. This is because most of the forensic discipline applying the DNA method lacks the needed scientific dimensions that support the performance standards (Jeyendran 2003, p. 127). It is essential to consider the application of good forensic science in DNA typing method. This is because forensic scientists discovered lab misconduct in arresting, indicting and convicting an innocent person. Criminal cases that include forensic science investigations should take meaningful precautions to guard against meaningless science and unreliable results (Bjorndahl, Mortimer & David 2009, p. 17). The forensic scientist should ensure that before they walk into the

The Best Ideology To Achieve The Common Good Politics Essay

The Best Ideology To Achieve The Common Good Politics Essay Is there a best ideology to achieve the common good? Throughout centuries there have been different ideologies that have been put in place to control people of different nations. History has shown that most ideologies such as Communism, Fascism, and Socialism, have all failed do to the fact that it imposes a strong restriction upon people. This is factual, as history has shown in the downfall of the Soviet Union, Nazi Germany in their treacherous ways of controlling its people. Reform liberalism, Classical liberalism, and Conservatism are ideologies that guarantees people freedom and democracy but there are many criticisms that underlie these philosophies. This essay will analyse all the six ideologies that persisted throughout history and also in todays society, but come to a conclusion on what ideology specifically works best for the conditions society faces in this modern day and age. Communism is a system in which private property has been replaced by collective or communal ownership and in which everyone would be free to take from society what they need (Mintz et al, p.114). Modern day Communism is based on the writings of two German economists, Karl Marx and Fredrich Engels. Karl Marx saw history as the story of human labour and struggle. Friedrich Engel a friend of Marx was a big critic of capitalism. Their partnership and ideas gave birth to what we know as communism. Communism, a branch of socialism, is a social system, characterized by lack of private property. The community as a whole owns the means of production and thus the profit is shared equally with everyone. In theory, labour would be divided up among all citizens according to ability and interest and resources would be distributed according to need. There would also be no ruler, no president, king, or dictator. The assumption is that private ownership of property somehow corrupts humans, making the m greedy, selfish, arrogant and uncooperative. Communism believes that human nature is determined by external social and economic relations, so if the community is fair and equal, people will automatically be more kind, virtuous and unselfish (Sheldon, p.66). Fascism is a political theory that emphasizes a unified powerful state to which all individuals and groups submit (Sheldon, p.102). The original fascist movement was that of Italian leader Benito Mussolini in Italy, organized in March 1921,although its origins lie in the first world war and ,more deeply , in the intellectual reaction against liberalism which began in the latter half of the nineteenth century (Bogdanor,p.227). Unhappy with the liberal emphasis on the individual and with the socialist emphasis on contending social classes, the fascist provided a view of the world in which individuals and classes were to absorbed into an all embracing whole a mighty empire under the control of a single party and a supreme leader (Ball et al.p.173). Nazism is a version of fascism associated with Adolf Hitler, the Nazi leader of Germany, emphasizing racial conflict and the superiority of the Aryan race (Mintz et al, p.117). In most respect Nazism in Germany closely resembled Fascism in It aly. Both had a hatred for liberalism and communism. For Hitler and his followers, the essential fact of human life is that human beings belong to different races. There is no such thing as a universal human nature, in their view, because the differences that distinguish one race from another mark each race for a different role or destiny in the world. The swift destruction of fascist states and philosophy after World War II ended this ideology, except in Spain where it continued into the 1970s. Latin American countries such as Argentina with close ties to Germany and Spain had fascist military government but lacked the influence of European fascist regimes (Sheldon, p.103). Socialism is an economic and social system and ideology that denies the absolute individual right to private property ownership and insists that society as a whole (or its state) should control production and distribution of wealth (Bogadanor, p.487). Socialist theory is often contrasted with capitalism developed in Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries in response to industrialism. Socialist theories and systems varied widely over the extent of private property and trade allowed, the state management of the economy, and the community regulation of individual behaviour advocated and an agricultural commune style of society focused on advanced, mass industrial production, social democracy blends private entrepreneurship with state regulation for the economy and state ownership of key industries (e.g., telecommunications and transportation) (Sheldon, p.280). The main premise of socialism is that people will work harder and be more creative, kind, and happy if all their basic materi al needs are taken care of by society. Reform Liberalism is a version of liberalism that combines support for individual freedom with a belief that government action may be needed to help remove obstacles to individual development (Mintz et al, p.104). But reform liberalism maintains that government is not just necessary evil. On the contrary, properly directed government can be a positive strength for encouraging individual independence by ensuring that everyone enjoys an equal opportunity in life. Reform liberalism argues that government should play a role in assisting the disadvantage through such measures as employment insurance, old age pensions, healthcare, and education. This will create a proper way of freedom for the less fortunate and it will ensure that a minimum standard of living is available to everyone. Reform liberalism also argues that property rights may need to be limited, to some extent in order to advance the rights and freedom of others. An example would a freedom of a factory owner may need to be li mited by the government regulations in order to protect labourers from unsafe working conditions, consumers from harmful products, and the environment from the discharge of pollutants (Mintz et al,p.105). Reform liberalists think authority should be used to support free trade, but also protect the parts of society that are vulnerable. They believe that governments should facilitate redistribution. In all reform liberalism is based on the notion that everyone is equal when it comes to opportunity. Classical Liberalism is a form of liberalism that emphasizes the desirability for limited government and the free marketplace (Mintz et al, p.104). Todays classical liberals agree that individual freedom ranks above material equality, that the states sphere has to be more strictly limited than it is today and that freedom is the guarantor of wealth for the people (WordPress,2010). Classical liberalism, however, is not such a rational body of thought, as it sometimes appears to be, partly because the original liberal tradition was also one of considerable diversity. Although more sceptical of state coercion than the new liberals in general, the old liberals held widely differing views about the states responsibilities. It is a blend of political liberalism and economic liberalism which is derived from Enlightenment thinkers such as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Adam Smith, Voltaire, John Stuart Mill, and Immanuel Kant (Sheldon, p.89). Classical liberalists think that political authority should be used carefully to ease free markets, free trade and to protect the individuals right to private property and other economic freedoms. Conservatism is a political viewpoint that sees value in conserving past traditions, especially the timeless truths about human nature and society in the Judaeo-Christian religion (Sheldon, p.71). The leading modern conservative was Edmund Burke, an Englishmen philosopher and a statesman, who believed that the perennial truths of western civilization Ancient Greek and Roman philosophy and law, Western Christianity, classical literature such as that of Shakespeare, high art architecture, and music reflect the best thing in the world and must be taught to young people to produce civilized, decent, and moral human beings and a healthy, orderly society (Sheldon, p.72). Conservatism sees past traditions caring for the future world that we leave our children. Conservatism hates innovation, disrespect, and change for the sake. Conservatives typically oppose government policies designed to move society in the direction of greater equality (for example redistribution of income, wealth, and pr operty from the rich to the poor). In a conservative perspective, people are naturally unequal (Mintz et al, p.107). (Sheldon, 2001). Conservative basic ideas include self-reliance, Personal responsibility; Private property rights limited government powers. Conservatism in the 21st century, as a whole is on the bases of us versus them the right and the left, which is dangerous in the world we live in nowadays because of the threat of terrorist acts being witnessed. Conservatives are known us the right wing in the political spectrum. Today their ideas are more focused on diving rather than uniting. This type of politics is very typical and being witnessed in the United States. There is really no best ideology to achieve the common good. The world is full of problems like poverty and war. So come to come to a conclusion on the perfect ideology is absolutely impossible. Ideologies are based on different beliefs and values, which every human being shares differently. The one ideology that approach within reach in not achieving the common good but just equality for people would have to be reform liberalism. Reform liberalism to me promotes fairness and equality for people of all. It gives each individual a chance at better life but also the government to intervene and help whenever a person is need of assistance. Though were all equivalent but at the same time we have equal opportunities to achieve whatever it is we desire. Reform liberalism to me is the closes way to achieve the common good but also is the best ideology that benefits most and is praise upon by the majority of society. In conclusion ideologies have shaped the world but also history. The rise and fall of the communist and fascist regime proves that human beings are not to be controlled. Instead be in charge of their own destiny. Ideologies such as liberalism and conservatism have work because of the freedom it ensures its people. Limiting the government in our everyday lives and less control is what is desired amongst society. In retrospect the more we learn about failed past ideologies the better it is for humanity to learn from and progress into a better future.

Analysis of Countee Cullens Yet Do I Marvel Essay -- Countee Cullen Ye

Analysis of Countee Cullens Yet Do I Marvel Poetry is often meant to be smooth, flowing, pleasing to the ear and the mind. To achieve this effect, many poets use different poetic techniques to help convey the meanings of their poetry. In the sonnet, 'Yet Do I Marvel' written by Countee Cullen, many different features of poetry is used. In this essay, I will discuss the relationship between the meanings and the theme Cullen tries to convey in his sonnet and the techniques of metaphors, both religious and non-religious, allusions to Greek mythology, different rhyme schemes and repetition that he uses. In his sonnet, Cullen uses strong themes of religious metaphors while adding many non-religious metaphors at the same time. The continuing theme throughout the sonnet is the mysteriousness of God, and how He is unwilling to share the secrets of the universe by answering the speaker's questions. Cullen begins with stating that his belief in God is that God is good natured, 'I doubt not God is good, well-meaning, kind,' (Line 1). The first line briefly makes your mind question the sentence while you experience the starting of the theme. Using different metaphors, Cullen vividly expresses his confusion of what the purpose of his existence is and why God does what he does. 'And did He stoop to quibble could tell why / The little buried mole continues blind, / Why flesh that mirrors Him must some day die,' (Lines 2 - 4). In these lines, Cullen clarifies his position with God in stating that his questions are but 'quibble' to God, thus putting himself far below God. Cullen uses the me taphor of the mole to represent how he is blind to the reasoning of God's actions, while at the same time questioning God of why a little mole continues to live blind. In the next line, Cullen uses a biblical metaphor when mentioning 'flesh that mirrors Him' as it is in the bible that it states 'God created Adam in His image.' Cullen refers this flesh to be humans and questions God for the purpose of death. Using these metaphors, Cullen creates a more vivid image in the imagination than he would if he were to question God outright. ?Why flesh that mirrors Him must some day die,? carries many more metaphorical images than ?Why do we die?? does, and that is one of the efforts and understanding Cullen is most likely trying to convey in his sonnet. Cullen?s brilliant... ...t a view of life, that is "black," and at the same time God made him a poet?someone who is supposed to study the world around him and express what he or she sees in words and verses. Cullen marvels at God's decision to have someone tell the world of the "blackness? which he sees. In this case, the person God has decided to tell the world is the speaker himself and Cullen contemplates what possible motivation would God have for doing this. In using constant repetition of the theme, Cullen allows the theme to clearly stand out and show itself without having to hide behind words with deeper meanings. This is effective for emphasizing the theme and ensuring that it is easily understandable. Metaphors, allusions, rhyme scheme and repetition are all techniques that Cullen used in his sonnet to improve the understanding and assist the interpretations of the poetry. His use of metaphors painted pictures in the mind while his allusions told stories with merely a few words. Rhyme scheme and repetition both assisted in the emphasis of the theme and worked exceptionally well. It is in works such as Cullen?s ?Yet Do I Marvel? that poetry and philosophy come together in a warm embrace.

The Internal and External business environment of BBA Aviation plc

This report is about BBA Aviation plc. The report will identify the company’s goals and objectives but will particularly focus its attention on the Challenges the company face both in its Internal and External Business Environment. The report will also cover both PEST and SWOT analysis to determine threats, opportunities and weaknesses and the role of the company’s Corporate Social responsibility (CSR) will also be examined. Factors such as the Porters five forces and the Dimension of Complexity will also be examined to better identify this Challenges faced by the company whilst the Dimension of Complexity will give a clearer nature regarding the Complexity of the company’s Environment at which it operates.Haven discovered these challenges the Mckinsey’s7S framework will monitor if there are any changes within the organisation that will require a change in its operations. BBA Aviation is a Global company which operates in 220 locations worldwide but only i ts operations in the UK will be examined in this report. However, haven said so; there are other factors such as the International and European Law that governs its operations. These also includes; The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO). There are also National restrictions and legislation from the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Department for transport. IntroductionBBA Aviation plc is an aviation services company that offers aftermarket services, flight support and system activities to the commercial and business aviation markets. Also, it offers the services to regional airline,  military and commercial aviation operators, including fixed based operator (FBO) services, such as; grand handling, fuelling, turbine engine repair, aviation component and overhaul, hydraulic system and landing gear. (The times 2006) The company’s operations are segmented into two business operation namely; Flight support and Af termarket services and systems. The flight support segment of the company engages in ground handling, offering refuelling, crew, passenger amenities, office rentals and hanger. (BBA Aviation, 2012)After services and systems business segments of the company engages in manufactures and supports engines and aerospace component, sub-systems and systems. The segment also comprises of engine repair and overhaul, legacy support and AP Precision hydraulics (APPH). The Engine repair and Overhaul segment is the Leading independent Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM), the Signature Flight Support segment is the world’s largest and market-leading fixed based operator (FBO) network. The company’s Aircraft Service International Group (ASIG) is the world’s leading independent refueller. (BBA Aviation, 2012) BBAAviation is headquartered in London. The company employees are estimated at over 12,000 at over 220 locations on 5 continents where its operations are performed. The c ompany operates in twelve locations â€Å"airports† in the UK, Seven in England, four in Scotland and one in wales (BBA Aviation, 2012) Porter's five competitive forces model:Threat of New Entrants: (Low)BBA Aviation plc operates in market segments that have relatively high barriers to entry in the fixed based operator (FBO) business. However, it is possible to have more than one fixed based operator (FBO) operator at major business aviation airports, the airport landlord will still be cautious of issuing too many leases for fear of diluting its own returns from selling the leases. (Westhouse, 2010) Another aspect of the barrier to enter is the Non-financial considerations which also have an influence. Signature’s brand strength and quality service reputation make it much more difficult for price-driven competitors to enter and build repeatable volumes/market share.If end users were truly price-sensitive, they would not be using private aviation in the first place, thi s is to say end users do not switch to a cheaper alternative as the market itself is capital intensive and has no  room for cheaper alternatives. Also, tight credit markets reduce the risk of new entrants being successful at present, hence the smaller companies are falling plus they struggle with the fund needed to create any threat in the market. (Westhouse, 2010)Another deterrent to entry is the strong emphasis on safety and aircraft to remain legally airworthy in the aviation industry set by the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), the Civil Aviation Authority and the Department for transport. The restrictions from this organisations acts as a barrier to entry by new companies without established track records. (Westhouse, 2010) Bargaining power of suppliers: (High)Signature’s Flight Support main operating cost is aviation fuel, which it sells on to its private jet operator customers with a mark-up. Although, Signa ture’s Flight Support has little bargaining power, the cost is a pass through. Whereas, on the Maintenance, Repair & Operations (MRO) side of the business, the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) do wield significant power in terms of their ability to dictate who can acquire licences to conduct maintenance work on their engines, given the strict safety and airworthiness regulations. (Westhouse, 2010)Given the analysis on the porter’s five, it is clear that threat of substitute is low. Also, the aviation market has a high level of barrier to entry and it’s also a high capital intensive market. The main challenge for Managers and leaders given the analysis overhead would be to main an already gained market share and provide a positive employee engagement by a way of specific and relevant job-related training and personal support. (BBA Aviation 2012) PESTEL Analysis:Political and regulatory factors (Law) – (Threats)Safe and dependable transport is essentia l to the UK society and the economy. (Department for Transport, 2012) Haven to meet the standard set by the aviation regulations, BBA Aviation ensures the company’s operations, meets and exceeds the regulations facing its Customers, these customers includes; regional airlines, business aviation, military and commercial aviation operators. (Relevant, 2012) The Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) uses a mix of Domestic, European and international legislation to protect consumers.These  legislations ranges from the minimum safety standards set by the International Civil aviation organisation (ICAO), to EC legislation protecting passenger’s rights, also including the European legislation on safety and the domestic regulation on the use of airspace. (CAA, 2012) The legislations are not limited but also, include the safety of Customers, Aircrafts and its Airworthiness, Airlines and its flight standards, Airport and Airspace. (EASA, 2008) Overall, this is a threat to the company and they could lose their operating license should they fail to meet these regulations, hence employee’s needs to be better informed and trained in their individual roles. Economic factors (Weaknesses)The great challenge managers/leaders face in this context is the ability not to have the power to control or manipulate the economic factor such as the Interest rate and exchange rate. Exchange rate volatility is likely to continue to lead to some volatility in sterling profits, with most of the BBA Aviation earnings (and costs) in US dollars. (Westhouse, 2010)Foreign Exchange Risk:BBA Group has significant overseas businesses whose revenues, assets, cash flows and liabilities are mainly denominated in the currency in which the operations are located. BBA Aviation Group’s policy in relation to foreign exchange translation risk is not to hedge the income statement since such hedges only have a short effect. In relation to the balance sheet, the BBA Group seeks to denomina te the currency of its borrowings in US dollars in order to match the currency of its earnings, cash flows and assets which are principally denominated in US dollars. (BBA Aviation, 2012)Financial Risk Factors:The Groups activities expose them to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including interest rate and currency risk), liquidity risk and credit risk. Overall the Group risk management policies and procedures focus on the uncertainty of financial markets and seek to minimise and manage potential financial risks through the use of derivative financial instruments. BBA Aviation does not undertake speculative transactions for which there is no underlying financial exposure. (BBA Aviation, 2012)Under policies approved by the Board of Directors of BBA Aviation plc, risk management is carried out by a central treasury department. This department identifies, evaluates and hedges financial risks in close co-operation with the Group’s subsidiaries. The treasury policies cov er specific areas such as; interest rate risk, credit risk, foreign exchange risk, use of derivative financial instruments and the investment of excess liquidity. (BBA Aviation, 2012)Social and Environmental factor (Opportunity)BBA Group has benefited from the growing population (demography) trend in the United Kingdom, increased holiday makers and Migration into the country has also increased its Group’s revenue (Mark Easton, BBC NEWS, 2010) In light of this growth, the demand for aviation services thus increase, which makes BBA Group to expand in its operations. The expansion brings about employee information and training to accommodate these changes, it also enables its customers to respond effectively and efficiently to meet the new aviation demand.(Source: BBC NEWS, 2010)Current migration figures shows a surprising and high increase in the number of people from different nationals, ethnics, gender and age migrating to Britain, not only by foreign workers or family reunio n cases, but also by a big rise in the number of students coming to the United Kingdom. (Easton, M. BBC NEWS, 2010) Other reasons for migration to the United Kingdom includes; Business, Tourist, Holiday makers and also Political. Hence, the demand for inflow and outflow on aviation services in the United Kingdom seats on a rising trend. (Mark Easton, BBC NEWS, 2010)The more flying hours generated by its customers; the commercial, business, military and regional airlines the more beneficial this is to BBA Aviation. Haven said so, when a lower fuel price was taken into account in 2009, signature flight support revenue dropped 26%. (BBC NEWS, 2010) (Mark Easton, BBC NEWS, 2010)Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)BBA Aviation focuses on delivering a long-term and sustainable value that integrates a continuous improvement and reliability, thus, embedding Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in its vision. Health and Safety, Employee, Environment and Community are BBA Aviation plcâ€⠄¢s four key area of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). (BBA Aviation, 2012)Technological factors (Strength)Considering the strict safety restriction in the aviation industry Technological innovation is at its highest level with zero tolerance for error. BBA Aviation brandished its strength with the launch of the First support centre. BBA Aviation Engine Repair and Overhaul (ERO) unveiled its First Support global technical operations centre. The centre utilizes integrated satellite based tracking to deliver ultra-fast and efficient response to Aircraft on Ground (AOG). (Aviationpros, 2010) BBA Aviation believes this is a game changer for the engine support industry; First Support utilizes a highly integrated real-time system that can identify locations of field service technicians, mobile response vehicles, rental engines, and tooling at any given moment, any time of the day, around the United Kingdom and anywhere in the world. (Flightglobal, 2010)The support centre has the abil ity to track the precise status of every field service job as well as the availability of the company’s assets and personnel. It can also monitor air and land based traffic as well as the impact of airport delays and weather. Given an example; when a customer calls with an Aircraft on Ground (AOG) issue, the company can rapidly deploy solutions via the most efficient routes and means. BBA Aviation industry leading services enables them to deliver a step-function improvement over existing engine support services. (Flightglobal, 2010)The centre is staffed by highly skilled field service technical managers who are expert on all engine product lines serviced by. Staffing also includes; quality assurance, engineering, and logistics personnel. (Flightglobal, 2010) The Group also introduce the Aqua-save system that helps reduce the litres of waste water generated, this waste water are converted to new coolant or water that can be use for floor cleaning operations, whilst reducing op erational cost and improve  environmental performance. (MWP Advanced Manufacturing, 2010) Dimension of complexity:1. The environment at which the organisation operates is very complex. There are heavy penalty that could affect the organisation should they under perform in their operations. These regulations are set nationally by the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA). Other complexity includes; the unpredictable changing demand in the Aviation industry, critical government policies, laws, regulations, taxes, interest. (Wensveen, J 2010) 2. BBA Group operations are Routine and Non-Routine. This also depends on the sector. Operation that requires baggage handling and de-icing are Routine, whilst the operation that providing landing gear, engine maintenance, supply’s of engine parts are non-routine. 3. BBA Group is diversified following its operations. The group is segmented into; Aftermarket services and systems:Legacy Support: Leading supplier of Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) licensed legacy products. AP Precision hydraulics (APPH): Niche landing gear and associated hydraulic equipment provider. Providing integrated logistics support for landing gear and hydraulic systems Engine Repair & Overhaul: Leading independent Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) authorised engine Repair Company. (BBA Aviation, 2013)Flight Support: Aircraft Service International Group (ASIG): The leading independent refueller Signature flight support: Largest leading fixed base operation (FBO) i.e. Ground handling. (BBA Aviation, 2013)4. BBA Aviation group generates more revenue by the more flying time clocked by its customers. (BBC NEWS, 2010) The operating environment has made its operation hostile by refusing the government to expand airports in the United Kingdom, the nation’s economy will benefits from these expansions in the long-run if plans are passed for approval. But there have been challenges from the environmental advocates and public resistance which has objected to the expansion plans and the creation of new run -ways. (The Guardian, 2013)Chairman of the Gatwick Area Conservation Campaign  Brendon Sewill said: â€Å"When people begin to realise what is likely to hit them, there will be a tidal wave of public resistance.† He said there was no need for any new runway in the South East; Stansted Airport was less than half full, new larger aircraft were coming into use and there was sufficient airport capacity to last until 2050. (BBC NEWS, 2013) BAA Aviation proposed a short a second runway at Gatwick, extra runway at Heathrow, and two extra runways at Stansted.It said the first runway should be built as soon as possible, with land â€Å"safeguarded† at two other sites for future development. But it said the option of a  £9bn new airport at Cliffe in north Kent should be excluded from the government's final expansion scheme. While local residents and green groups will welcome the possible scrapping of the Cliffe pla n, campaigners in Heathrow, Stansted and Gatwick reacted with â€Å"dismay† to BAA's statement. (The Guardian, 2013)Given the analysis above, there are little challenges from competitors as the barrier to entry is high. However, there are Environmental Challenges, Social challenges, Community Challenges and Political Challenges. But the Group’s biggest challenge is its Operational Improvement. BBA Aviation Chairman announced that the Group continue to invest in its employees and their development and made some changes to their organisational management structure at the beginning of 2013 to accelerate its growth and operational improvement programme. (BBA Aviation, 2013)The Group believes that with high operational improvement it can strive to reduce environmental impact through the more efficient use of resources, encourage innovative developments in technologies that support its business objectives and can offer environmental, community and social benefits. (BBA Aviat ion, 2013)McKinsey’s 7S’ frame-work Structure:BBA Aviation is divided into Two major Group namely; Flight Support and Aftermarket services and system. There are also further division into the major groups. This idea is to decentralise the Groups operations to the appropriate organisation with relevant skills needed to carry out each and every specific task. All of these groups work under the umbrella of BBA Aviation plc. The creation of these groups divides task and further provide coordination. It decentralises to focus on its individual area of specialisation and centralise to achieve the Group’s sole aims, goals and objectives.Strategy: BAA Aviation divided its strategy into four sections; Vision, Goal, Value and Key performance indicator. Vision:BBA Aviation’s vision and overriding objective of growing exceptional long-term sustainable value for all stakeholders is shared by all Group’ operations which are individually and collectively focused on; continuously improving market-leading and innovative businesses, working together for greater gain through improved co-ordination and co-operation and being an employer of choice for empowered individuals in a safe and sustainable environment. (BBA Aviation, 2013) Values:BBA Aviation plc employees are also unified around a common set of values; these values are a vital and integral part of the way the Group do business. (BBA Aviation, 2013) Goals:Each year BBA Group’s Executive Management Committee sets a series of short and medium-term specific and measurable goals. These goals are then cascaded throughout the Group. Each Group’s business has actions aligned to the achievement of each of the short and medium-term goals and the execution of those actions is actively monitored by Group’s management. (BBA Aviation, 2013) Key Performance Indicators:The successful execution of BBA Aviation’s strategy is expected to be value creative for shareholders. Key Performance Indicators (KPI) is used to monitor progress and any challenges faced within the Group. (BBA Aviation, 2013)Systems: The Group decentralizes its operational system, given the decentralize nature of its business. Given this approach the procedure are different group differs, hence introducing the system of internal control that helps to identify risks and challenges faced by leaders and management.BBA Aviation  internal control is essentially an ongoing process embedded in the Group’s businesses for identifying, evaluating and managing the significant risks faced by the Group, including; social, ethical and environmental risk. The Group considers that it has adequate information to identify and assess significant risks and opportunities affecting its long and short term value. The Group’s system is designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk of failure to achieve its business objectives. The internal control system can provide reasonable but not abso lute assurance against material misstatement or loss; to the extent that is appropriate, taking account of costs and benefits. (BBA Aviation, 2013)Style:Business operations within the Group are routine and non-routine. Certain elements of the business are designed to accommodate the routine aspect of the group. The style here can be said to be flexible as there are specific way of carrying out its operations, changes in style would be said to be low. However, the style at the non-routine aspect of the Group’s operation will change from time to time given the uncertainty in the operations of its business. As the operation at the non-routine level can sometimes not be determined this will mean the style will always have a shift to accommodate any present situation.Staff:BBA Aviation is committed to investing in and empowering its staff through training and education and to providing them with opportunities for rewarding careers. The Group provide each of its employees with spec ific and relevant job-related training and personal support while, at Group level, BBA Aviation develop programmes for example; leadership and general skills training that can be implemented across all sites.The Company provides employees with various opportunities to obtain information on matters of concern to them and to improve their awareness of the financial and economic factors that affect the performance of the Company. These include â€Å"all hands briefings†, staff forums and meetings with trade unions that take place throughout the year. In 2012 a number of communication initiatives have been launched to foster effective two-way communication  around the organisation. (BBA Aviation, 2013)Skill: BBA Aviation is highly skilled in all area of it operations. The Group’s strategy is to acquire a company that specialises in a given area of the Aviation business rather than founding a total new company for that specific area. The level of its operational skill is identified below; Flight Support:Aircraft Service International Group (ASIG): Is the leading independent refueller. Signature flight support: Is the largest leading fixed base operation (FBO) for example; Ground handling. (BBA Aviation, 2013)Aftermarket services and systems: Legacy Support: Is the leading supplier of Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) licensed legacy products. Engine Repair & Overhaul: Is the leading independent Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) authorised engine Repair Company. (BBA Aviation, 2013)Super-ordinate Goals:BBA Aviation uses a range of key performance indicators (KPI), allied to the BBA Aviation vision and mission, to monitor the Group’s progress against the goals set to support the delivery of our overarching objective to grow exceptional, long-term, sustainable value for all stakeholders. To acquire the Groups super-ordinate goals, BBA Aviation set up a remuneration policy. This policy is intended to ensure that the remuneration of execut ive directors and other senior executives properly reflects their duties and responsibilities and is sufficient to attract, retain and motivate high calibre senior management capable collectively of delivering the goals of the Company. (BBA Aviation, 2013)Haven critically gone through the company’s PEST Analysis, SWOT Analysis, Porter’s five forces, Complexity of Dimension, Corporate Social Responsibility and Mckensies 7S’ frame work. It is clear that the BBA Aviation is at a stable cruising leading point in the Aviation industry and their biggest challenge is the Operational Improvement to sustain this leadership position. For this to be achieved the employees need to undergo training events to understand the company’s vision, goals, aims, objectives and also to understand the internal and external challenges, hence empowering them with the understand of what is expected of them both as an individual or a group of teams.The Harrison’s learning whe el (eight-stage process) will be a better tool for employees to understand the company’s vision and challenges. The step-by-step process will equip the employees to a better understanding on how to achieve the skills and experience needed in other to be a partaker of the vision and to combat these challenges faced by the company.Training refers to the acquisition of specific skills and knowledge that will enable an employee to perform their job effectively. Relatively, staff development concerns activities that are directed to the future needs of the employee, which may themselves be derived from the future needs of the organisation. (Palmer, A & Hartley, B)Harrison’s learning wheel (The eight-stage process): Establish needs:This is to ascertain the individual, team, group or even management that needs training to better enhance them with the training needed to understand the company’s vision and challenges. Agree on purpose and objectives for the learning event :Having to understand the employee that needs the training process, it will be important for these employees to know the purpose and objective of the training. The training is usually based on the employee to understand the immediate challenges faced by the company. Identify profile of intended population:It is vital that the pedigree of the employee has to be established. The intrinsic and extrinsic profile of the employee has to be understood and a motivational reward to be put in place to incentivise the employee. Agree on strategy and the delivery of the learning event:A strategy on how to deliver the learning event should be made flexible. Planning and control process have to be monitored in the event where funding may have come from other group of the company. Select learner cohort and produce detailed specification for the learning event: At the point leaders and manager would select employee that they think is deemed necessary to attend the learning event given the challenge s faced in their department. Finalise strategy and design the learning event:Ones these employees have been selected a proper strategy on how the learning will be passed on will then be drawn. After this process, a transformation will then be expected of these employees after haven to complete the training process. The finalisation of the training process will then hand the employee the skills and knowledge to better performance hence reducing the challenges faced by the company. Monitor and evaluate the change:The evaluation process is a tool for leaders and managers to ascertain what has worked and what has not worked after the learning process. The evaluation process helps leaders and managers to tackle the remains of the challenges. Evaluation technique that will assist leaders and managers to acquire the learning outcome will range from interviews, questionnaires, briefings, practical test, written test and even the observation of behaviour will confirm an employee engagement. Haven gone through these techniques it will be clear to leaders and managers where lapses can be foreseen and a possible remedy to tackle the remains of the challenges uncovered after the evaluation technique process.Conclusion:The operations of BBA Aviation plc are complex at the industry at which it operates. Given this complexity, their main challenge is Operational Improvement. The company in its response created specific job related training for staff at different level. The training focuses more on staff training and staff development. The Group involve their employees personally in these efforts and invest in new technologies, equipment and training and development programmes where the Group believe they can make a difference.  The Group businesses have much in common and plenty to learn from each other and the Group encourage working together, sharing ideas and good practices.BBA Aviation plc is the leading aviation service provider in the United Kingdom compared to its co mpetitors namely; Goodrich Corporation, Mercury Air Group, Inc. and TIMCO Aviation Services Inc. BAA Aviation doesn't make the planes, but it does keep them flying. (BBA Aviation, 2013)

Film History Essay

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The History of Modern-Day Myanmar (Burma)

The History of Modern-Day Myanmar (Burma) Burma is the largest country in mainland Southeast Asia, which officially has been named the Union of Myanmar since 1989. This name-change is sometimes seen as part of an attempt by the ruling military junta to stamp out the populist, colloquial form of the Burmese language, and promote the literary form. Geographically situated along the Bay of Bengal and bordered by Bangladesh, India, China, Thailand and Laos, Burma has a long history of odd decisions and peculiar struggles for power. Strangely, the military government of Burma suddenly moved the national capital from Yangon to the new city of Naypyidaw in 2005, on the advice of an astrologer. From Prehistoric Nomads to Imperial Burma Like many  East  and Central Asian  countries, archeological evidence suggests that humanoids have wandered Burma from as long as 75,000 years ago, with the first record of homo sapien foot traffic in the area dating back to 11,000 B.C. By 1500, the Bronze Age had struck the peoples of the region as they began producing bronze tools and growing rice, and by 500 they began working with iron as well.   The first city-states formed around 200 B.C.by the Pyu people - who could be attributed as the lands first true inhabitants. Trade with India brought with it cultural and political norms that would later influence Burmese culture, namely through the spread of Buddhism. However, it wouldnt be until the 9th century A.D. that internal war for territory forced the Burmese to organize into one central government. In the mid-to-late 10th century, the Bamar settled a new central city of Bagan, collecting many of the rival  city-states and independent nomads as allies, finally unifying in the late 1950s as the Pagan Kingdom. Here, the Burmese language and culture were allowed to dominate the Pyu and Pali norms that came before them. Mongol Invasion, Civil Unrest and Reunification Although the leaders of the Pagan Kingdom led Burma to great economic and spiritual prosperity - erecting over 10,000 Buddhist temples across the country - their relatively long reign came crashing to an end after repeated attempts by the Mongol armies to overthrow and claim their capital city from 1277 to 1301. For over 200 years, Burma fell into political chaos without a city-state to lead its people. From there, the country fractured into two kingdoms: the coastline empire of the Hanthawaddy Kingdom and the northern Ava Kingdom, who was eventually overrun by the Confederation of Shan States from 1527 to 1555. Still, despite these internal conflicts, Burmese culture greatly expanded during this time. Thanks to the shared cultures of all three groups, scholars and artisans of each kingdom created great works of literature and art that still live on to this day.   Colonialism and British Burma Although the Burmese were able to reunify under the Taungoo for much of the 17th century, their empire was short lived. The First Anglo-Burmese War of 1824 to 1826 suffered Burma a massive defeat, losing Manipur, Assam, Tenasserim and Arakan to British forces. Again, 30 years later, the British returned to take Lower Burma as a result of the Second Anglo-Burmese War. Finally, in the Third Anglo-Burmese War of 1885, the British annexed the rest of Burma. Under British control, the rulers of British Burma sought to keep their influence and culture present despite their overlords. Still, the British governance saw a destruction of social, economic, administrative and cultural norms in Burma and a new era of civil unease. This continued up until the end of World War II when the Panglong Agreement forced other ethnic leaders to guarantee Myanmar independence as a unified state. The committee who signed the agreement quickly assembled a team and formed a doctrine to govern their newly unified nation. However, it wasnt quite the government the original founders were hoping for that actually came to be. Independence and Today The Union of Burma officially became an independent republic on January 4, 1948, with U Nu as its first Prime Minister and Shwe Thaik its president. Multi-party elections were held in 1951, 52, 56, and 1960 with the people electing a bicameral parliament as well as their president and prime minister. All seemed well for the newly modernized nation - until unrest shook the nation yet again. Early in the morning on March 2, 1962, General Ne Win used a military coup dà ©tat to take Burma. Since that day, Burma has been under a military governance for most of its modern history. This militarized government sought to streamline everything from business to media and production to form a hybrid nation built on socialism and nationalism. However, 1990 saw the first free elections in 30 years, allowing the people to vote for their State Peace and Development Council members, a system which remained in place until 2011  when a representative democracy was instated throughout the country. The military-controlled days of government were over, it seemed, for the people of Myanmar.   In 2015, the citizens of the country held their first general elections with the National League for Democracy taking the majority in both national parliament chambers and placing  Ktin Kyaw as the first elected non-military president since the coup of 62. A prime minister-type role, called the State Counsellor, was established in 2016 and Aung San Suu Kyi took the role.

The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot Assignment

The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot - Assignment Example As such, they use both the patients and samples from her to carry out tests with the view to making discoveries. Howard W. Jones, the doctor who treated Lacks for the first time at Johns Hopkins Hospital handed over the cells to Gey and forgot about the case. The next time he returns to Lacks’ case is after her death when the hospital carries out a partial autopsy (Skloot, 2011). The did this to understand the behavior of the cells thereby considering her lifeless body as a piece of specimen that would help advance the scientific research. Patents are exclusive rights that a state gives to an individual for a discovery. As such, the individual gains financial benefits from disclosing the information about the discovery for a period. The above definition of patents shows that the rights protect inventions. The definition, therefore, makes the ownership of genetic material controversial since no human can invent genetic materials. The fact that there exist trillions of copies of every gene coupled with the fact that genes lack the quality of inventiveness makes it ridiculous to try and patent such. I, therefore, believe that patenting of genetic materials is wrong. Most people strive to patent such in order to maximize profitability (Moore, 2005). While such is the case, increase in patenting such information would lead to increased secrecy in scientific researches. Researchers should make genetic information public in order to enhance scientific research. This may help improve the quality of life in the society. In the health facility I work for, initiating a patient related research is a systematic process that begins with informing the patient. The doctors explain to the patients the nature of their ailment and explain the importance of the researches. After that, the doctors seek the patient’s permission to take samples of their specimen. After giving a consent to the research process, the doctors initiates the

Social Activist Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Social Activist - Coursework Example Moreover, I will be capable of employing more youths, improving community health, and offering job trainings to other members of the community. Making necessary development on the single mothers by organizing for them programs of certified daycares will be upon me. However, I will ensure that the anti-crime patrol unit that will be in charge of controlling the crime rate and maintaining peace within the community members (Needleman & Ruth, 1998). Being also a policy analyst, I am able to spend much time in gathering, analyzing and distributing data that is related on how credit union should serve the poor communities. On the other side, am able to defend the civil rights of the people and to pressure for the quality affordable structures to the members of the community. As an activist, one is capable of providing himself first priority in benefitting before others as leaders by building themselves quality houses in their respective homes instead of giving the poor and the disabled first chances (Gary & Herr, 2007). Some may go to the extent that they go against the law by violating the right of others disabled members. Active activists give themselves more security compared to others. Activists find it hard in organizing their works to meet the need and desires of the community members (Gary & Herr, 2007). In conjunction to this, they spend more time in their respective work places to ensure terms and conditions are met. Several opposes also comes in from their subjects. Louise B. Simmons (1994). Of Connecticut School of Social Work, West Hartford, Connecticut. University Retrieved from http://urban.uconn.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/438/2014/09/Louise-Simmions-CV-FA-14-version.pdf Needleman, R. (1998). Building Relationship For The Long Haul: Unions And Community-Based Groups Working Together To Organize Low Wage Workers. Retrieved from

A Critical Review in the Contemporary Themes in Youth Work Practice, Essay - 2

A Critical Review in the Contemporary Themes in Youth Work Practice, Thematic Area Mental Health and Emotional Wellbeing - Essay Example Mental health and emotional well-being is a journal because it is possible to incorporate videos and supplementary materials. Presentation of the journal is via a modified PDF version of full text and presented in full digital version of science. There is a modified abstract in the print version. The journal is illustrates findings of scientific research with supporting evidence. This makes it different from other articles that generally describe a topic with an introduction. The journal is has findings for enlightening the scientific community. Mental health journal presents facts as opposed to articles that give opinion and are summary for existing articles (Brendtro, 2009 Pg7). The authors believe that developing children are complex since they undergo many dynamic processes both internal and external (Brendtro, 2009 Pg7). These processes must work together to shape and create a child. It is the understanding of the author that each individual is unique through strength and vulnerability. There are situations where vulnerabilities are deep to an extent where an individual does not engage with others or appreciate the fullness of life. Most scholars believe that the extent of full potential of a human being is determined by the opportunities and challenges he encounters. The author believes that extreme cases such as maltreatment, violence and chaos might result to emotional, behavior and psychological troubles. These problems have affected individual and the society thus millions of dollars are used in succumbing these problems. A lot of time is wasted in taking care of maltreated children because they are fragile. The authors acknowledge that policies and programs are ineffective even though lots of money and time has been invented. Many children fear childhood trauma and this makes only a fraction of their full potential to be identified (Dobson, & Perry, 2010 Pg 25). Problems that children experience during their childhood

The Construction of Women in Sports within the Mass Media Essay Example for Free

The Construction of Women in Sports within the Mass Media Essay Recent studies involving the role of the mass media and gender, particularly within the realm of women’s sports has brought light upon one of the most disturbing issues in society today: the under-representation and misrepresentation of women in mass media. It can be concluded that female athletes, framed by the media as objects of sexuality, or â€Å"sports cuties,† are consistently emphasized for their sexuality instead of their athleticism. Not only does this diminish their achievements in the sports arena, but it also systematically reinforces the idea that sports are a â€Å"males-only† realm. The mass media, using magazine covers, celebrity programs and news articles, focus more on female athletes as symbolic models for female sexuality than as athletes. Constantly, female athletes are portrayed in coy scenarios involving accentuated legs and breasts, or with pouting lips and scantily clad outfits. This paper will highlight some examples of research into symbolic representation of female athletes as passive, emotionally demonstrative and vulnerable objects of the sports world, whereby athletic merit is given second seat to skin and sex. Furthermore, this paper will base itself on the greater theoretical standpoint of hegemony, citing such theorists as Louis Althusser and Antonio Gramsci. The analysis will also base itself on the work of Laura Mulvey, who presents the idea of the â€Å"Male Gaze,† whereby women are shown as sexual objects for the visual purpose of men’s enjoyment. Through this analysis of women in sports and the medias response to female athletes, it is postulated that women have been systematically moved from active participants as subjects, to a more passive role as objects. This fact reinforces a particular hegemonic, patriarchal power structure, and furthermore, reinforces the power roles of those who are responsible for such representations. To lay the foundation for the analysis, it is helpful to first consider the theoretical basis of Althusser and Gramsci. The theory of ideology and hegemony is particularly relevant for the later exposition on the portrayal of women within the cultural eye of the media. Althusser states that false truths are used to maintain power. The group with the power (in this case one could take such an example as Time Warner, the owner or Sports Illustrated for Women) defines the rules of the game. This means that the group in power creates media frames and representations of reality that further construct a worldview that is conducive for the maintenance of the present day structure. Power is given to subordinate classes (the viewers of mass media) by the ruling power (Time Warner), in a way that makes it appear that they are given concessions (â€Å"We give the audience what they are asking for. †) And yet, as Gramsci outlines, these concessions are still a means of maintaining power. The genius behind such a set up lies in the fact that the ideology is created in such a way that the both the ruling class and all other classes believe that such hierarchy of power is inherent or natural. In the case of sports, the watching public believe that women are naturally meant to be depicted as sexual objects, focusing on married life and vacation preferences, instead of the active subject such as a male athlete, where a more clearly demarcated â€Å"sports focus† is enacted. Herein lies a clear real-world metaphor for the theoretical models of Althusser and Gramsci.

Women Crossing Traditional Lines in the Workplace Essay -- American Wo

In 1941, the United States of America was hurled into the morass of the second World War as the war machine began to expand with the needs of manpower, weapons, equipment, ships, tanks, airplanes, and personnel carriers. Trying to meet the demand of a two front war, a great deficit of capable workers became evident; the former housewives and others occupying the ‘pink collar’ jobs in the American workplace stepped up and filled the occupations left vacant by men reporting to the call of patriotism volunteering for positions in the Armed Forces of their beleaguered country. As these women, the ‘Rosie the Riveters’ entered the workplace of the factories producing the desperately material to support the war machine, the working woman began modifying the face of the factories and workplaces traditionally reserved for their men folks. When the men and women won the victory on both fronts by 1945, another more subtle and times a loud war of protest erupted back on the home front, the Rosies were not willing to give up their new found freedoms that earning good wages had brought about. During the fifties and the early sixties and even into the seventies the media of television began an understated campaign to move the women of the workforce back into the home with shows like ‘I Love Lucy’ (1951-7), ‘Father Knows Best’ (1954-1960), 'The Donna Reed Show' (1958-66), 'Make Room for Daddy' (1953-64), 'The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show' (1950-58), 'The Jackie Gleason Show' (1952-59), 'The Adventures of Ozzie & Harriet' (1952-66), 'The Honeymooners'(1955-56) and ‘Bewitched’ (1964-1972), ‘ The Dick Van Dyke Show’ (1961-66), ‘Green Acres’ (1965-1971), ‘I Dream Of Jeannie ‘ (1965-1970), and ‘Leave It To Beaver’ (1957-1963) . All of th... ...just have not received any of the recognition they have so meritoriously earned throughout the ages. Works Cited Franklin, Benjamin, The Works of Benjamin Franklin, Jared Sparks, editor (Boston: Tappan, Whittemore, and Mason, 1837), Vol. V, p. 162, from â€Å"A Comparison of the Conduct of the Ancient Jews and of the Anti-Federalists in the United States of America.† MacLean, Nancy. The American Women's Movement, 1945-2000 A Brief History with Documents. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2009. Martin, Molly. Hard-Hatted Women. Seattle: Seal press, 1988. Niemann, Linda & Bertucci, Lina. Railroad Voices. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998. Solomon, James A. Crossing Traditional Lines in the Work Place. Primary Source Analysis, Sevierville: Self, 2013. http://www.aoltv.com/2009/10/27/feature-page-10-1-best-50s-tv-shows/ http://classic-tv.com/60s-shows/